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Siege of Batavia
Siege of Batavia was a military campaign led by Sultan Agung of Mataram to capture the Dutch port-settlement of Batavia in Java. The first attempt was launched in 1628, and the second in 1629, both were unsuccessful. Jan Pieterszoon Coen, the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies managed to repel the sieges and beat off all of Sultan Agung's attacks.
==Prelude==
In the Indonesian Archipelago the Dutch East Indies Company (VOC) first established their base in Ambon. To expand their trade network, the Dutch asked for the permission of the Sultanate of Mataram to build ''loji'' (trading post, mostly consist of fort and warehouses) on Java's north coast. The Sultan of Mataram declined the request for fear that the Dutch would control the economy of the northern Java coast.
After the Dutch wrestled the port of Jacatra (Jayakarta) from Sultanate of Banten, they established a port town in 1619 served as the Dutch East Indies Company headquarters in Asia. The Javanese people were made to feel unwelcome in Batavia, as the Dutch feared Javanese revolt. To meet labor needs, Coen asked Willem Ysbrandtszoon Bontekoe, a skipper for the Dutch East India Company, to bring 1000 Chinese people to Batavia from Macao; however, only a small segment of the 1000 survived the trip. In 1621, another attempt was initiated and 15,000 people were deported from the Banda Islands to Batavia; on this occasion, only 600 survived the trip. Batavia also imported numbers of workers and slaves from parts of the archipelago, such as Maluku Islands and Bali.
Having been established for almost a decade, Batavia, the first Dutch settlement and trading post in Java, had begun to draw hostility from the surrounding Javanese kingdoms. The European port and settlement was considered to be a foreign threat by the native polity. The Sultanate of Banten aspired to retake the port city and also to put down Banten's rival port. However they could not manage to launch a large scale campaign to retake the port. Banten could only launch small scale raids on Dutch interest outside of the city wall. Learning that the Europeans had better military technology, Mataram sought diplomatic relations with the Dutch East Indies Company in 1621. Sultan Agung, king of the Mataram Sultanate (reign 1613–1645) sent his envoy asked Dutch assistance on his conquest against Surabaya, however the Dutch declined his request, resulted in severed diplomatic relation.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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